In accordance with Jerusalem on January 27, January 27 (IPS) -The main challenges of Israel and the Thorough Palestinians are the way to achieve continuous peace to end the miserable cycle. Death, destruction, displacement and despair.
In the decades ago between Israel and Palestinians, some major factors continue to play a fundamental role. Among these factors are religious identity, demographic statistics, land and wider regional designated contexts.
It is closely related to these major factors is an important issue for achieving solutions to conflicts, including borders, refugees, civil/human rights and legal equity, authority to the holy ruins of Jerusalem, and very important security.
The story of mutual recognition, tolerance and pluralism should be prevailed. The memories of the past cannot be forgotten or dismissed, but we must emphasize the constant peace between Israel and Palestine today.
Recent history
With the defeat of the Ottoman Empire by the Western Forces in World War I, the territory was divided into orders of many British and France.
Palestinians or Palestinian British commands initially intended to include Trans Jordan, initially approved by League of Nation in 1922 by League of Nation. Regardless of religious alliance and ethnicity, we ruled the institutions that protect the citizens and religious rights of all Palestine residents.
At that time, the religious composition of the mandatory Palestinian residents was about 10 %Christians, 11 %Jews and 78 %Muslims. Under British, everyone living in the territory, regardless of religious alliance, had Palestinian citizenship.
After decades of violence and confrontation between the major population of Palestinians and various attempts to resolve the conflict between the UK and others, the problem was handed over to the United Nations. In 1947, the immigration resulted in 7 %of the religious composition of the Palestinian population, 32 %of Jews and 60 %of Muslims.
On November 29, 1947, the UN General Assembly ended the delegation and adopted a resolution to divide Palestine into two states. One country was Arabs, mainly Muslims, other countries were Jews, and Jerusalem area remained separately under the UN control (Figure 1).
On May 14, 1948, David Ben-Gurion declared the independence of the Jewish nations of Israel. The other side of Mohamed Amin Al-Husseini refused to plan the partition. The war immediately exploded between neighboring Arab countries and troops in Israel.
As a result of the war, the demographic composition of the territory suffered significant changes. In particular, forced and voluntary exodus baking (afterwards Nakba) Estimation of at least 625-650,000 and up to 725-750,000 Palestinians of Israel. This included a person who lived in Palestine in 1946, but the property remained on the border of the Jewish state.
In the newly established Israeli country with a population of 873,000, the ratio of Jewish was 82 %. If the Palestinians were not replaced but remained at home, the proportion of Israel in 1948 would have been about 45 %.
After the war and subsequent ceasefire in 1948, the Israeli border expanded to 77 %of the essential territory of Palestine, including the western Jerusalem. West Bank, with East Jerusalem, was occupied by Transjordan and later renamed Hashemite of Jordan. The Gaza area was taken over by Egypt. In 1950, the complex population of West Bank and Gaza included about 830,000 stateless Palestine.
After the 1967 war, Israel began to expand Jewish settlements in the occupied territory (Figure 2). From some families in 1968, the number of Jewish settlers increased from 69,700 in 1987 to 293,400 in 2007. In 2024, the number reached 530,000, which included 245,000 residents in the new region in Eastern Jerusalem.
Current population statistics
Israel is a relatively small country about El Salvador’s territory. At the end of 2024, Israel’s population exceeded 10 million, which is almost the same as the Swedish population. Israel’s Jewish ratio is 77 %, including citizens and occupation territory in Eastern Jerusalem.
The occupied Palestinian territory (OPT), which has about one -fourth of Israel’s land area, has 380,000 people in nearly 5 million permanent residents and Eastern Jerusalem.
The combined population of Israel and OPT is about 15 million. In the combined population, about 51%of the residents will be Jews.
Peace proposal
The first serious peace suggestion here is a weekly solution. It must establish a country, including Israel, Westbank, Gaza and East Jerusalem. The main advantage of this solution is to create secular democracy with the separation of the church and the state with equal rights to the citizens of each country.
The main disadvantage of a weekly solution is that at least at this time, it seems to be a realistic political scenario. The two opponents of the conflict still have a significant mutual hostility. Moreover, both are pursuing their own independent national sovereignty, that is, continuous Jewish land and the newly established Palestinian land.
The most widely supported peace suggestion is two main solutions. It remains an internationally agreed path and is strongly supported by the UN, Security Council and the main power of the world.
The two -week solutions are entirely sovereign Palestinian countries, consisting of West Bank and Gaza, and are peacefully with Israel, and the lines and security of 1967 are guaranteed for both countries.
The main difficulty of the 2-state solution is that there is a lack of territorial continuity between the two parts of the Palestinian countries. Israel was able to promote the establishment of a single Palestinian country by connecting two parts of the Palestinian countries to ensure his security.
Another difficulty is that it is a de facto conflict between the lack of political consensus and Westbank’s Palestinian authorities and Gaza’s Hamas.
If it can be accommodated by Palestinians, a third peace proposal is to achieve sovereignty for Gaza and Westbank. Each territory will negotiate with a separate government with its own autonomy, boundary, political structure and economic maintenance and separate membership of the United Nations. In the future, if possible and desired, the two Palestinian countries may want to negotiate federal composition or complete union.
conclusion
It is time to prevent murder, violence and destruction, and the Israeli and Palestinians negotiate peace settlement.
It should also be recognized that there are at least two major actors in this small territory, known as Palestinian /Retsu Israel /Holy Land, and that each historical rights, national solidarity, cultural heritage, language, political autonomy and religious consciousness exist.
The Palestinians are essentially demanding their own state in the suggestion of continuous peace with Israel.
The Israeli government has developed a wide range of plans for war to ensure security. However, no explicit plan was provided on how to solve the post -war situation of the Gaza or to achieve continuous peace with stateless Palestinians. The Israelites demand that their Jewish nations are not threats or delegations in attempts to secure continuous peace with Palestinians.
It is impossible to sustain the current state. It is clearly not a solution to the conflict, but is in danger of Israel and Palestinians.
It is now a diplomatic period leading to negotiated settlement and continuous peace. Military actions and terrorism do not simply solve the conflict. Major countries around the world should be active in pursuing plans to secure continuous peace between Israel and Palestinians.
Joseph Shami In Portland, Oregon, USA is a consulting demographic and former director of the UN Population Department.
Sergio dellapergola In Jerusalem, Israel is an honorary professor and chairman of the Harman Modern Jewish Research Institute at Hebrew University.
© Inter Press Service (2025) -Lee all rightsSource: Inter Press Service
