Microsoft’s Majorana 1 Quantum computer
John Brecher/Microsoft
Last month, Microsoft announced that it used to create a new kind of material with FanFare and create a quantum computer architecture that can lead to machines.In a few years, not decades, it can solve the problem of industrial scale.“.”.
But since then, the technology giants have been burning more and more from researchers who say that they have not done that kind of work. “My impression is that the professional physics community’s response is overwhelmingly negative. Personally, people are just angry. ” Century prolov At the University of Pennsylvania Pittsburgh.
Microsoft’s argument depends on the ambiguous and exotic quasi -fabric called Majorana Zero Modes (MZMS). These can theoretically be used to create a topology cue bits, a new type of bilateral bits, which are building blocks of information processing within quantum computers. Due to its unique properties, these cue bits are excellent in reducing errors, which can solve the big disadvantages of all quantum computers in use today.
MZM has been theoretical theoretics from the group behavior of the electrons at the edge of the thin superconducting wire. Microsoft’s new Majorana 1 chip contains multiple these wires, and according to the company, there is enough MZM for creating eight topology cue bits. Microsoft spokesman said New scientist The chip was “a big breakthrough in us and the industry.”
But researchers say that Microsoft has not provided enough evidence to support this claim. With the media announcement, the company published a paper in the journal. nature The result was confirmed. “that nature The paper marking not only could Microsoft could create Majorana particles, it helped to protect quantum information from random disturbances, but also checked the information stably. Microsoft press release said.
But the editor nature I explicitly clarified that this statement was wrong. According to a publicly available report on the Peer-Review process, the following says: “The editorial team wants to point out that the result of this plaintiff does not show evidence of the presence of Majorana Zero mode.”
In other words, Microsoft and nature It is directly contradictory with each other. “The press release said that it was completely different. [than the Nature paper]”,” Henry Leg At St. Andrew University in England.
This is not the only authentic aspect of the Microsoft paper. LEGG pointed out that two of the four fellow reviewers initially gave a somewhat critical and negative feedback to disqualify the papers in the publishing of a famous journal according to his experience. According to the Peer-Review report, one reviewer still did not agree with the publication of the paper, and the other three signed. spokesman nature Sayed New scientist The ultimate publishing decision led to the potential we saw for experiments in the future Mzms on the MICROSOFT device rather than achieving it so far.
Also, one of the reviewers is rare. Haojang LEGG says he has worked with Microsoft at MZM Research in Tsinghua University in China. The work was published nature In 2018, the team said, “Scientific strictness is not enoughOther researchers have confirmed the inconsistency in the results. “It’s really shocking nature You can choose a referee with withdrawal of paper a few years ago, ”LEGG says.
Zhang said there was no conflict. “I wasn’t an employee of Microsoft [the firm]. Recently, I have worked with three more than 100 authors in the Microsoft newspaper, ”he says. “It was seven years ago and was a student of Tu Delft at that time. [in the Netherlands]I’m not a Microsoft employee. ”
Microsoft said the team was not involved in choosing a reviewer and did not know Zhang’s participation after the review process was completed. nature The spokesman also says, “You can see the quality of advice you can receive from the reviewer’s opinion.”
Except for the problem, both LEGG and Frolov have more fundamental opposition to Microsoft’s methodology. Experiments for MZM have been proved that it is very difficult to carry out over the last decades. This is because the defects and disorders of the device can create a fake signal that mimics the quasi -specifications, even if it does not exist. This was a challenge for researchers related to Microsoft, including the withdrawal of the 2018 papers. The retreat notice explicitly mentions new insights on the impact of disability. Microsoft in 2023 to solve this problem I posted a procedure in the journal Physical review b Called the “topology gap protocol,” he insisted that this difference would bother this difference.
LEGG said, “The entire idea of this protocol was a binary test of whether there was Majoranas. his Self -analysis of code and data However, Microsoft was used to implement this protocol in 2023, but the data format change was less reliable than expected by changing the data format that was sufficient to switch to a pass. Leg said he raised this problem with Microsoft before he was issued. nature But the paper still used protocols in new studies.
natureThe spokesman’s spokesman said, “Some of the editorial teams of the journal nature Paper and other publications. This was a problem we know in the process of reviewing my colleagues. ” Through this process, the reviewers judged that this was not a key problem.
Microsoft said LEGG’s 2023 species will respond to analysis. Physical review b. Chetan Nayak of Microsoft said, “Criticism can be summarized as Leg forms and attacks our false straw man in our newspaper. He filed a number of points in Leg’s research, and in 2023, he said, “We showed that we could create a highly confident mode of the topology stage, major or zero mode, and the new paper strengthened its claims.
Microsoft spokesman nature The paper was submitted for the review, and the company built that trust and tested not only to create multi -quart chips, but also to manipulate the cube necessary for the working topology Quantum computer. The spokesman said the company will present more details at the global physical summit in the US physics society in March. “We expect to share the results with additional data of science that converts more than 20 years of vision for quantum computing into practical reality.”
However, in the case of frolov, the incomplete results of the past can ignore the incomplete results of the past because the company continues to build a more sophisticated device. Leg shares this view. “The fundamental problem of disability and material science is that it will not disappear because it has begun to produce a better device,” he says.
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