Fritoria, South Africa, March 11 (IPS) -Daniel D. Bradlow is a center of scholarships at the University of Pretoria, a professor/senior researcher. At the end of 2024. Since then the world has A more complicated, unpredictable and dangerous place.
The United States, the world’s most powerful country, seems to weaken the existing order and show the power of weak countries. Other influential countries are turning inward.
This development raises concerns about the mechanism for global cooperation, such as the G20, especially the mechanisms that operate based on agreement decisions.
What is the purpose of the G20?
that The G20 is a forum The world’s largest economy meets regularly and discusses and solves the most urgent international economy and political challenges. The group, including rich and developing countries, accounts for about 67%of the world’s population, 85%of the world’s GDP and 75%of the world’s trade.
In fact, the G20 is the wrong name. The actual number of G20 participants in the given year exceeds 19 states and two international organizations (European Union and African Union) It is a permanent member.
Every year they join the invited “guests”. There are some countries, such as Spain and the Netherlands, but they are considered “permanent” G20 guests, but the entire list of customers is determined by the chairman of the G20 that year.
South Africa was invited this year. 13 countriesDenmark, Egypt, Finland, Singapore and the United Arab Emirates. They join International Organization for 24 seconds International Monetary Fund, World Bank and UN and 8 African Regional Organizations.
The G20 should be understood as a process, not a series of discontinuous events. It is the top of the annual leader who agrees that the head of the state and the head of the government agree to establish a contract for major issues. This contract is not combined, and each participating country is generally implemented, but Not all agreed points.
Communiqué is the result of the two track processes. Financial trackRepresentatives of the Financial Services Department of Participation County and the Central Bank “SHERPA” track It covers more political problems. These two tracks include a total of more than 100 technical meetings.
Most of the tasks of each track are carried out by the working group. The Finance Track has seven working groups that deal with a variety of problems, from global economy and international financial governance to finance and financing of infrastructure. Sherpa Track has 15 practical groups that deal with various problems, from development and agriculture to health, digital economy and education.
The agenda of the working group meeting is based on the problem notes prepared by the G20 Prime Minister. This issue will discuss the new problems of unfinished businesses and the new issues that the president adds to the G20 agenda over the past few years.
The chairman of the Working Group reports the report on the ministerial meeting on his track for the outcome of this meeting. This report will first be discussed at the meeting with the ministers. The agents will try to narrow the inconsistency and polish the debate, and to maximize the possibility of reaching the consensus when presented at the ministerial meeting.
Assuming that all participants agree, the contracts reached at each pastoral meeting will be expressed as a careful and drafted communication. If the participant cannot agree, the chairman of the meeting Chairman’s summary of the meeting.
Then this document will inform the communication that will be announced at the end of the G20 summit. This final communication represents the official joint decision of the participating state and government officers.
The G20 process is complemented by work 13 participation groups For example, it represents business, labor, youth, think tanks, women and civil society in the G20 countries. The group is looking for a way to affect the results of the G20 process.
What is the G20 Troika and how does it work?
The G20 does not have a permanent secretariat. Instead, the G20 president is responsible for organizing and chairman of more than 100 meetings per year. The G20 decided that this burden should be supported by the “Troika” of the G20’s past, present and future presidents. This year, Troika is composed of former chairman Brazil. South Africa, the current chairman; And the US, the future chairman.
The role of Troika depends on the current identity of the chair and how decisive it is to lead the G20 process. It will also be influenced by how much the two other members of Troika want to be active.
Troika helps to ensure continuity from 1 G20 to other G20. This is important because the problem of the G20 agenda is quite carried forward from one year to the next year. Therefore, Troika creates the potential for the G20 president to focus on the most interesting problems for three years, not just one year.
How successful is the G20 process?
The G20 is essentially appointed group.Premier Forum for International Economic Cooperation“.”.
The G20 first gathered in the Asian financial crisis in the 1990s. At that time, the Minister of Finance and the Central Bank governor were restricted to a forum to discuss the most important international economy and financial issues such as the Asian financial crisis.
The G20 increased to the state and government during the 2008 global financial crisis.
The G20 tends to work well as a cooperative forum when the world faces the economic crisis. Thus, the G20 was an important forum to discuss and agree with countries to deal with the 2008-9 global financial crisis.
Less performance was less performance when facing different types of crises. For example, it turns out to be what you want Dealing.
When there is no crisis, it is not necessarily completely effective, but it has been found to be less effective. For example, the G20 has helped to solve relatively technical problems, such as developing international standards for specific financial regulations or improving the function of multilateral development banks.
It was less effective for other more political issues that supported funds for climate, food security and the UN sustainable development goals.
Less obvious, but nevertheless, it has an important advantage. The G20 provides public officials in participating countries with opportunities to interact with other G20 countries. As a result, they know each other better and understand, which helps to develop cooperation between countries on common interests.
Also, in the case of appropriate, these officials know who will contact in other countries, which can help to ease the risk of misunderstandings and conflicts.
To stop this function, these crisis management and other benefits are lost. And there is no alternative to the G20 in the sense of a forum where major countries in the world, where many other worlds can meet mutually informally, can discuss mutual interest problems.
Importantly, the withdrawal of the most powerful G20 countries should not prevent the remaining participants from using the G20 to encourage international cooperation in major global tasks.
This can help you manage the risk of conflict in a complex global environment.
source: Conversation Africa
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