What are Boson Stars and how do they relate to dark matter?

Have you ever looked up at the night sky and wondered what you are doing? ~ no spring? The sky may be full of invisible “boson stars” made of an exotic form of material that doesn’t glow.

We strongly suspect that the universe is full of dark matterIt makes up about 25% of all mass and energy in the universe. However, although circumstantial evidence is abundant and we believe dark matter is some kind of undiscovered particle, we have no direct evidence of such a particle.

For decades, we thought we were on the right track with a new class of particles known as weakly interacting large-scale particles (Wimps). Wimp, as predicted by various supersymmetry theories, would have a mass somewhere in the range of known particles as heavy as the top. Quark. But otherwise, it might not seem that big of a deal sometimes it interacts with normal substances.

but A search for WIMP found nothing. it’s okay. Nature is not obliged to go with our first guess. Thankfully, we have another particle candidate waiting in the wings. axion.

Axion was introduced to solve unpleasant problems related to: strong nuclear weapon. By all observations, strong forces obey two important symmetries in nature: charge and parity. This means that if you take a strong force interaction, flip the charge on every particle to its opposite value and look at the reaction in a mirror, you will get the same result.

But nothing in the theory itself says that it must obey these symmetries. Physicists tried to fix this by essentially adding a new parameter to the equation and setting that parameter to 0, but it felt a bit forced. Then an ingenious solution may have emerged. Perhaps the new parameters represented new quantum fields and interactions with those fields naturally produced symmetries.

This was Axion, named after a brand of dishwashing detergent because it cleared up the confusion of symmetry issues.

If axes exist, they would make great dark matter because they are abundant and do not interact with normal matter. And they will also do some rough work.

Axions are incredibly light. neutrinoLightest known particle. With such a small mass, their quantum wave properties would manifest themselves on a macroscopic scale. Every particle also has waves associated with it, but we usually don’t know or care about those waves unless we’re dealing with subatomic quantum systems. It’s not like Axion, which can spread its waves across the entire galaxy.

The second cool thing about axions is that they chest. Boobs are a type of particle that can all share the same quantum state. That means you can put in as much or as little as you want. This is similar to a photon (you can put in as much light as you want) and is different from particles like photons. former (Only so many people can cram before the box is full).

The properties of these two axes mean that they are adept at collapsing to incredibly high densities. gravitation. Essentially, they can form a type of star. It is completely invisible, does not emit light and does not interact with anything, but it is a star nonetheless.

these star – With a variety of names including Axion Stars, Boson Stars and Dark Stars, they can be clumps that are almost identical to small, everyday stars. They can also be massive, spanning entire galactic cores.

The possible presence of Boson Stars is a double-ed sword. On the one hand, direct detection can be very difficult. Unless a boson star wanders through our solar system and passes Earth, we are unlikely to see its axis in a detector.

On the other hand, Boson Stars can do all sorts of things that make them detectable, like disrupting nuclear fusion in stellar cores or exploding themselves in an event known as a Bosenova.

We don’t know whether the axis exists or, if so, whether it is responsible for dark matter. But it’s still fun to imagine a universe full of silent, invisible, harmless dark stars.

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